Earthquakes
Earthquakes occur because of friction between tectonic plates beneath the surface earth. This friction energy issue unusually large and cause turbulence in the surface. Indonesia is prone to earthquakes b
ecause geographically located close to lempenglempeng active and interconnected one each other, and because of the volcanoes active. Impact Earthquakes can cause damage to facilities such as buildings, bridges and roads are big and spacious. The quake also be followed dangerous natural disasters such as landslides and tsunamis (please read the landslides and tsunamis in this book.) Fatalities usually occur because the affected parts of buildings collapsed or other heavy objects such as trees and electricity poles. People are often trapped in collapsed buildings. Earthquakes are often followed by aftershocks within a few minutes, hours, days or even weeks after the first quake, although often not as strong as the first. The threat of aftershocks is the collapse of buildings which has been shaken and damaged by the first earthquake.
type of earthquake
1. Volcanic earthquakes (Gunung Api) This earthquake occurred as a result of magmatic activity, which usually occurs before the volcano erupted. If its activity the higher it will cause an explosion that also will lead to the occurrence of earthquakes. The earthquake was only felt in the vicinity of the volcano.
2. Tectonic earthquake; This earthquake caused by tectonic activity, namely a shift in plate tectonic plates suddenly having the power of the very small to very large. This earthquake generated a lot of damage or natural disasters on earth, a strong earthquake vibrations can spread throughout the earth. Tectonic earthquakes are caused by perlepasan [power] is happening because of a shift in plate tectonic plates pulled like a rubber band and released abruptly. Power generated by the pressure between the rock known as tectonic disability. The theory of tectonic plates (tectonic plates) explains that the earth consists of several layers of rock, most areas of the crust it will drift and float in layers like the snow. Stir gently so that the layer-break berpecah and collide with each other. This is what causes the occurrence of tectonic earthquake.
source : http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gempa_bumi, http://www.idepfoundation.org/download_files/pbbm/2.6_Gempa%20Bumi.pdf
TSUNAMI
A tsunami (Japanese: 津波 [tsɯnami], lit. 'harbor wave, English pronunciation: suːˈnaːmi or tidal wave is a series of water waves (called a tsunami wave train) caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, usually an ocean, but can occur in arge lakes. Tsunamis are a frequent occurrence in Japan; approximately 195 events have been recorded.Due to the immense volumes of water and energy involved, tsunamis can devastate coastal regions.
Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides and othermass movementsmeteorite ocean impacts or similar impact events, and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.
The Greek historian Thucydides was the first to relate tsunami to submarine earthquakes, but understanding of tsunami's nature remained slim until the 20th century and is the subject of ongoing research. Many early geological, geographical, and oceanographic texts refer to tsunamis as "seismic sea waves."
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